crypto_assets

Bitcoin came into existence a little over a decade ago and financial markets, as we know them, have changed drastically since. Today, we find ourselves amidst an interesting intersection in time where money belonging to the people, governments, and corporations are going head to head.

During a large part of Bitcoin’s decade-long existence, it was traded mostly by tech enthusiasts, gamers, and early adopters. All that changed in 2016 when initial coin offerings (ICOs) became the primary way to fund crypto projects. The ICO rally not only resulted in the disruption of many industries, but it also paved the way for retail and corporate investments as well as mainstream blockchain adoption.

While 2020 brings a new set of challenges for crypto asset adoption, we now are witnessing new levels of maturity in the crypto asset space, one that involves active engagement from governments and large corporates.

Financial powerhouses such as JP Morgan got its foot in the door with its own internal stable coin JPM Coin, and tech giants such as Facebook announced its crypto project Libra last year, which includes a consortium of companies such as Uber and Spotify. Governments have gotten in on the action too with many announcing they are looking into Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) projects.

Also Read: 2 ways cryptocurrencies are disrupting the stock market

With various innovations taking place across the globe, many are wondering who is leading the cryptocurrency revolution: East or the West?

Regulation – hindrance or incubator?

A key component to examine is the regulatory environment and policies of the Eastern and Western world. As crypto assets are relatively new, governments around the world are still trying to fully comprehend its capabilities and use case.

While some countries have whole-heartedly embraced crypto assets, others have taken a more wait-and-see approach, with a number even banning it.

Several crypto asset projects have popped up all over the world, giving the illusion of a truly global crypto asset revolution. However, if we take a closer look, these companies are usually registered in one of a handful of countries such as Singapore, Hong Kong, Japan, Switzerland, Malta, and regions like the Cayman Islands and Gibraltar.

Why these specific few? Put simply, it comes down to either of two reasons; these countries and regions have a clear regulatory environment that allows crypto or blockchain companies to operate, or they allow these companies to register without any questions asked.

Though the US is home to some of the biggest companies and capital globally, and the country is a big market for crypto assets, this does not mean it is leading the world in blockchain development.

Also Read: The call of crypto: why bitcoin points to need for investment startups in Asia Pacific

Hester Peirce, Commissioner of the US Securities and Exchange Commission, believes that Asia holds an upper hand over America in crypto assets. This stems from what she claims is a clear policy framework in Asian economies. Japan has made a name for itself as a major centre for crypto asset trading after handing out 22 licenses to exchanges since 2017.

Earlier this year, Singapore made global headlines when the island-nation introduced new payments legislation, the Payment Services Act, offering global crypto firms a chance to expand their operations by applying for operating licenses in Singapore.

In the past five years, the crypto space has gradually shifted from being Western-dominated to one that sees significant participation and innovation from Asia.

Eight of the top 10 mining pools in the world come from Asia, more specifically China, making the region the lead in staking – a method of earning interest from cryptocurrency by holding it for a period in your wallet. From the total number of exchanges to the total number of ICOs and IEOs issued, Asian companies greatly outperform their Western rivals.

Government-backed projects in the East

Another key difference between Asia and the West is government proactiveness in understanding, implementing, or even leading blockchain-tech initiatives. Even though crypto assets and blockchain are some of the most debated topics in China, towards the end of last year President Xi endorsed blockchain development in China.

Shortly after, the country announced its ambition to digitize the renminbi, also known as the Digital Currency Electronic Payment (DCEP). Many believe that the launch of a digital Yuan could challenge the dominance of the US dollar.

Also Read: XanPool launches platform to enable P2P transactions from local currency to cryptocurrency in SEA

The digital currency is currently being tested in Suzhou and the country’s Xiong’an new district with 19 popular merchants, including McDonald’s, Starbucks, and JD supermarkets. The People’s Bank of China (PBOC) has also announced that further testing will be conducted during the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.

In addition to its digital currency, China’s nationwide blockchain network, the Blockchain-based Service Network (BSN) officially launched on April 25. The BSN is a global infrastructure to help blockchain projects create and run new blockchain applications at a lower cost, thus accelerating the development of a digital economy.

The substantial progress China has displayed in actively bringing wider blockchain adoption is no doubt a key factor in its advanced technological development.

While both businesses’ and governments face unprecedented strain due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the race towards crypto adoption shows no signs of slowing for many Eastern countries. The Chinese Government is actively working to see how blockchain technology can be used to aid social governance, while South Korea’s biggest bank is set to launch a crypto custody service.

Even as Singapore works to contain the virus, the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) recently announced regulatory relief for Digital Asset Exchanges in the city-state. In Japan, the country’s new crypto asset regulations have also come into effect on the May 1, protecting crypto investors involved in exchanges, as well as custodians and their assets.

Also read: Why Bitcoin is set to boom in a post-COVID-19 era

This continued acceleration towards a regulated, decentralised solution shows us that the East has a desire to stay ahead of the curve, maybe even more so as it becomes apparent that we might continue facing an economic crisis.

US presidential election: a turning point for crypto?

We’re seeing a mixed picture in the US. The Trump administration recently released the 2021 budget proposal and while many had hoped to see a positive attitude towards crypto, this was not the case.

In fact, the White House announced a need to tighten measures against financial crime, which crypto is a part of. For the US government, crypto is clearly still a threat.

Fed Chairman Jerome Powell said in a letter to federal lawmakers last November that it is exploring the development of digital currency in the US.

Andrew Yang, a former US presidential candidate in the current race, was known as the “Cryptocurrency Candidate”. He advocated for a comprehensive national approach to blockchain and crypto and publicly endorsed blockchain after US Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin labelled bitcoin a national security issue.

However, when the former political hopeful dropped out of the race in early February, many lost hope of having a crypto ally in government.

Nevertheless, some see hope in democrat Joe Biden. While he has yet to comment directly on crypto assets, a political action committee (PAC) that was campaigning for Biden to run for the presidency in 2016 began accepting donations in BTC. The former Vice President is known to be progressive when it comes to technological advancement and a pro-crypto asset President might not be too far-fetched for the United States.

Whilst there are some positive developments in the West, it still lags behind the East when it comes to crypto adoption and regulation, especially as the East maintains regulatory momentum and China returns to work while most of the Western world remains in strict lock-down.

As it stands, Asian economies appear to lead the crypto race, although the West is showing that it has no plans on being left behind. The crypto asset space is a fast-moving one and only time will tell who will truly win this race, but one thing is for sure – crypto assets are here to stay.

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